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Chapter: Environmental Engineering : Demand For Water

Demand of water:Coincident draft

COINCIDENT DRAFT = MAXM DAILY DEMAND (MDD) + FIRE DEMAND (FD)

 

DEMAND OF WATER :

COINCIDENT DRAFT

 

It is extremely improbable that a fire may break out when water is being drawn by the consumers at maximum hourly draft. Therefore for general community purposes, the total draft is not taken as the sum of maximum hourly demand and fire demand but is taken as the sum of MDD and fire demand ort the maximum hourly demand whichever is more. The MDD when added to fire demand for working out TD (Totaldraft) it is known as coincident draft.

 

COINCIDENT DRAFT = MAXM DAILY DEMAND (MDD) + FIRE DEMAND (FD)

 

Problem

 

1.A water supply screen has to be designed for a city having a population of 1,50,000 Estimate the important kinds of drafts which may be required to be recorded for an Avg. consumption of 250Lpcd. Also record the required capacities of the major components of the proposed water works system for the city using a river as the source of supply. Assume suitable figures and data where needed.

Soln:

 

i.                   Average daily demand

ADD = (per capita Avg consumption in Lpcd) X population

= 37500000 Litres/day

= 37.5   106Litres/day

= 37.5 Million Litres/day

Or

ADD = 37.5 Mld

 

 

 

ii.                 M aximum daily draft

May be assumed as 180% of annual average daily draft.

MDD = 1.8 37.5

MDD = 67.5 Mld

 

iii.              Maximum hourly demand of maximum day

May be assumed as 270% of annual average daily draft.

= 2.7 X Annual Avg. hourly demand

= 2.7 X q/24

MHD =       101.25Mld

 

 

 

iv.              Fire demand

 

Using national board of fire under writer?s formula, when population is less than or equal to 2 lakhs we have

Q =4637 rootOf(p) [ 1 -0.01 rootOf(p)]

=71763724.35 Litres / min

 

COINCIDENT DRAFT = MDD + Fire draft = 67.5 + 71.76

 

= 139.26Mld.

 

 

 

CAPACITY OF VARIOUS COMPONENTS

 

1.     The intake structure for fetching water from the stream may be designed for MDD i.e for 67.5Mld.

 

2.     The pipe mains carrying the water from the intake to the treatment plant and then to service reservoir. May be designed for MDD

 

Required capacity = MDD (67.5 Mld)

 

3.            The filters and other units at the treatment plant may be designed for MDD plus some reserve (say twice the ADD)

Required capacity   = 2 x ADD

 = 2 x 37.5

= 75 ld.

 4.  The Lift pumps may be designed for twice the ADD = 2   37.5 = 75 Mld (Assuming pumps are operating for all  the 24 hours)  

 

5.       The distribution system including the pipes carrying water from service reservoir to the distribution system may be designed for coincident draft with fire or maximum hourly demand, whichever is more.

 

The required capacity = 139.26 Mld.

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Environmental Engineering : Demand For Water : Demand of water:Coincident draft |


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