Class

CLASS:

In oop, class is a user defined data type that can hold data and their associated functions into single unit.

The class members are divided into two types: 

1. Data Member

2. Function Member

In class there are certain privilege for accessing both data and function members. They are said to be access specifiers.

It is divided into three categories. They are, 1.Public

2.private

3.Protected

By default the data members are private. So the private members of a class are not accessible from outside the class. If the data members are specified as public then the members of a class can be accessible from inside and outside of the class.

Syntax of a class

class class_name

{

Access Specifier:

Data Members

Access Specifier:

Function Members

};

Example:

Consider an example of class class student

{

public:

int rollno,age;         Data Members

char *name;

void getdetail()

{

Cin>>rollno>>age;

Cin>>name;

}                   

      Function Members

void printdetail()

{

Cout<<rollno<<age;

Cout<<name;

}

};

In this example a class named student with data members such rollno, age and name and with function members getdetail() and printdetail() is defined within the class.The access specifiers of this class is public.

Function Definition outside the Class

The function members which are declared inside the class can be defined outside of the class using Scope Resolution Operator ::

Syntax for Defining the Function outside the Class:

Return Type class_name::function_name()

{

Function Body

}

Return type specifies the type of a function. Class name specifies the name of a class in which the function belongs. The operator:: denotes scope resolution operator. Function name specifies the name of a function.

Example:

class student

{

public:

int rollno,age; char *name;

void getdetail();

void printdetail();

};

void student::getdetail()

{

Cin>>rollno>>age;

Cin>>name;

}

void student::printdetail()

{

Cout<<rollno<<age;

Cout<<name;