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Chapter: Medical Physiology: Local and Humoral Control of Blood Flow by the Tissues

Mechanisms of Blood Flow Control

Local blood flow control can be divided into two phases: (1) acute control and (2) long-term control.

Mechanisms of Blood Flow Control

Local blood flow control can be divided into two phases: (1) acute control and (2) long-term control.

Acute control is achieved by rapid changes in localvasodilation or vasoconstriction of the arterioles, metarterioles, and precapillary sphincters, occurring within seconds to minutes to provide very rapid main-tenance of appropriate local tissue blood flow.

Long-term control, however, means slow, controlledchanges in flow over a period of days, weeks, or even months. In general, these long-term changes provide even better control of the flow in proportion to the needs of the tissues. These changes come about as a result of an increase or decrease in the physical sizes and numbers of actual blood vessels supplying the tissues.


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Medical Physiology: Local and Humoral Control of Blood Flow by the Tissues : Mechanisms of Blood Flow Control |


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