Summary, Glossary

SUMMARY

• Gandhiji’s experiments with truth, ahimsa and satyagraha in South Africa and his evolution as a mass leader are explained.

• His call for Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience and Quit India Movements and the fallout of these mass struggles in the form of legislation such as Government of India Act, 1919 and Government of India Act, 1935 and Independence Act, 1947 are detailed.

• Role played by Socialists and Communists and Revolutionaries represented by Bhagat Singh, Subhas Chandra Bose and outcome of their activities are highlighted.

• Use of religion for political mobilisation by Hindu Mahasabha and Muslim League leading to partition is discussed.

GLOSSARY

satyagraha: passive political resistance advocated by Mahatma Gandhi அறப்போர், சத்தியாகிரகம்

constitutionalist: adherent of constitutional methods அரசியல் சட்ட விதிகளைப பின்ற்றுபவர்

discrimination: unjust or differential treatment of different categories of people, especially on grounds of caste, creed, etc 

exhort: strongly encourage or urge to do something வற்புறுத்து

communalism: allegiance to one’s own ethnic, religious or caste group rather than to wider society வகுப்புவாதம்

dominion: self-governing territory தன்னாசியுரிமையுடைய குடியேற்ற நாடு

electorate: all the people in a country or area who are entitled to vote in an election 

ultimatum: a final demand or statement of terms

alienation: Isolation தனிமைப்டுதல்

conspiracy: a secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful