Parts of Computer

Unit 7

Parts of Computer

Learning Outcomes

* To know the Input unit, CPU and the Output unit.

* To understand the memory unit.

* To differentiate the input and output devices.

* To link the connections in Computer.

Is it easy to connect our sprawling planet to a point? If it is easy, then how would it be possible? The answer to these questions in today's world is the Computer. In this Modern World computer eases the effort and speeds up the processes to a great extent. Now-a-days the usage of computer plays an important part in every walk of life. So, it is apt time to learn about computers. To start, it is necessary to note that there are three key units in the computer. Understanding of this three units will make us to operate a computer in ease. In this section, let us learn what are the three units? What are the functions of each of these units.

Parts of a Computer

* Input Unit

* Central Processing Unit (CPU)

* Output Unit

1. Input Unit

input units. Keyboard plays an important role in a computer as a input device. Numbers and alphabet plays a role of Data in computer. Keyboard helps to enter data. Keyboard has two types of keys, namely number keys and alphabet keys. The keys with numbers are called number keys and key with letters are called alphabet keys.

Keyboard

KeyboardKeyboard and mouse are the important nput  units.  Keyboard  plays  an  important  role  in  a  computer  as  a  input  device.  Numbers and alphabet plays a role of Data in computer. Keyboard helps to enter data. Keyboard  has  two  types  of  keys,  namely  number keys and alphabet keys. The keys with numbers are called number keys and key with letters are called alphabet keys.

Mouse

Mouse is an essential part of the computer. Mouse has two buttons and a scroll ball in the middle.

The mouse is used to move the pointer on a computer screen. Right button is used to select files and to open the folder. Left button is used to carryout corrections in the file. The page on the monitor can be moved up and down using the scroll ball.

2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

CPU is the brain of the Computer. The data is processed in the CPU. The CPU has namely three parts.

1. Memory Unit

2. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

3. Control Unit

Control Unit

The control unit controls the functions of all parts of the computer.

Arithmetic Logic Unit

Arithmetic and Logic unit performs all arithmetic computations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

Memory Unit

The memory unit in the computer saves all data and information temporarily. We can classify memory unit into two types namely primary and secondary memory. Memory can be expanded externally with the help of Compact Disk (CD), Pendrive, etc.

3. Output Unit

The output unit converts, command received by the computer in the form of binary signals into easily understandable characters. Monitor, Printer, Speaker, scanner are some of the output devices.

Of the various output devices, monitor is the important output device because it is link to the computer. Monitor screen looks like TV screen. The input data in the form of Alphabets, Numbers, Pictures or Cartoons and Videos it will be displayed on a monitor. There are two types of monitor namely,

1. Cathode Ray Tube Monitors (CRT)

2. Thin Film Transistor Monitors (TFT)

Now a days computer system has TFT monitor as they occupy less space and emit less heat than CRT monitors.