In an Ideal World: The Reference Interview
Obviously, searching can get pretty complex,
and many pitfalls can prevent a user from achieving success. So how does it get
done in the non-Web world, and can we learn anything from it?
In the real world, reference librarians and
other information professionals often make the difference. In fact, without
them, civilization would creak to a grinding halt. They are better than anyone
else at finding information because they break up what seems to be a huge,
complex information need into simpler, more digestible components by conducting
a reference interview that is
designed to learn more about the information need and its context (unless, of
course, you're just looking for the bathroom or the copiers!).
Before you get spooked by the term reference interview, consider that you
probably have been through quite a few of them yourself. When you go to the
library and ask someone behind the reference desk a question, they'll probably
respond with an open question, such as "Can you tell me a little more
about how you'll be using this information?" The interview will often
continue with more specific questions, such as "Do you need this
information for business (or school, a dissertation, personal enjoyment,
etc.)?" "Do you need it right away (or can we take some time to do
some more involved searching or interlibrary loan for it)?" "Are you
looking for something at no cost (or would you like us to do a literature
search in some commercial databases like LEXIS/NEXIS or DIALOG)?"
"Are you looking for a few items (or do you need all there is)?" and
so on. These interactive iterations help both the librarian understand what
you're looking for, and may also help you better understand your own needs by
forcing you to articulate them. In effect, both you and the librarian engage in
associative learning about the information need. Associative learning comes
naturally to humans, but is extremely difficult for software systems to handle.
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