Important Short Questions and Answers: Quality Systems

88. Give the ISO 9000 Series of Standards?

i.  ISO 9000, “Quality Management and Quality Assurance Standards Guidelines for Selection and Use”.

ii. ISO 9001, “Quality Systems – Model for Quality Assurance in Design, Development, Production, Installation & Servicing”.

iii. ISO 9002, “Quality Systems – “Model for Quality Assurance in Production, Installation & Servicing”.

iv. ISO 9003, “Quality Systems – “Model for Quality Assurance in Final Inspection and Test”.

v. ISO 9004-1, “Quality Management and Quality System Elements – Guidelines”.

89. What is the need for ISO 9000?

ISO 9000 is needed to unify the quality terms and definitions used by

industrialized nations and use terms to demonstrate a supplier’s capability of controlling its processes.

90.            Give some other quality systems? i. QS-9000

ii. TE-9000 iii. AS9000

91.            Enumerate the steps necessary to implement the Quality Management System? i. Senior management commitment

ii. Appoint the management representative

iii. Awareness

iv. Appoint an implementation team

v. Training

vi. Time schedule

vii. Select element owners

viii. Review the present system

ix. Write the documents

x. Install the new system

xi. Internal audit

xii. Management review

xiii. Preassessment

xiv. Registration

92.            What are the three sections of QS-9000?

i. Common requirements, which include the exact text of ISO 9001 and the addition of automotive/heavy trucking requirements.

ii. Additional requirements covering production part approval process, continuous improvement and manufacturing capabilities.

iii.Customer-specific requirements.

93. What are the ISO/QS 9000 elements?

i. Management responsibility

ii.The Quality system

iii. Contract review

iv.Design control

v.   v.Document and data control

vi.Purchasing

vii.Control of customer-supplied product

viii.Product identification and traceability

ix. Process control x.Inspection and testing

xi. Control of inspection, measuring and test equipment

xii.Inspection and test status

iii. Control of nonconforming product

xiv. Corrective and preventive action

xv.Handling, storage, packaging, preservation and delivery

xvi. Control of quality records

xvii.Internal quality audits

xviii.    Training

xix.         Servicing xx.Statistical techniques

94. Give the objectives of the internal audit?

a) Determine the actual performance conforms to the documented quality systems.

b) Initiate corrective action activities in response to deficiencies.

c) Follow up on noncompliance items of previous audits.

d) Provide continued improvement in the system through feedback to management.

e)  Cause the auditee to think about the process, thereby creating possible improvements.

95. What are the requirements of ISO 14001?

i. General requirements

ii. Environmental policy

iii. Planning

iv.  Implementation and operation

v.  Checking and corrective action

vi.Management review

96. What are the benefits of ISO 14000? a. Global

i. Facilitate trade and remove trade barriers

ii. Improve environmental performance of planet earth

iii. Build consensus that there is a need for environment management and a common terminology for EMS.

b. Organizational

i. Assuring customers of a commitment to environmental management

ii. Meeting customer requirements

iii.Maintaining a good public / community relations image

iv.Satisfying investor criteria and improving access to capital

v.   Obtaining insurance at reasonable cost

vi.Increasing market share that results from a competitive advantage

vii.            Reducing incidents that result in liability

viii.Improving defense posture in litigation

ix.Conserving input materials and energy

x. Facilitating the attainment of permits and authorization

xi.Improving industry/government relations

97.            What are the four elements for the checking & corrective action of ISO 14001?

a) Monitoring and measuring

b) Nonconformance and corrective and preventative action c) Records

d) EMS audit

98.            What are the seven elements for the implementation & operations of ISO 14001?

a) Structure and responsibility

b) Training, awareness and competency

c) Communication

d) EMS documentation

e) Documentation control

f) Operational control

g) Emergency preparedness and response

99.            What are the four elements for the planning of ISO 14001?

a) Environmental aspects

b) Legal and other requirements

c) Objectives and targets

d)Environmental Management Programs

100.       Give the types of Organizational Evaluation Standards?

i. Environmental Management System

ii. Environmental Auditing

iii. Environmental Performance Evaluation

101.       Give the types of Product Evaluation Standards?

i. Environmental Aspects in Product Standards

ii. Environmental Labeling

iii. Life-Cycle Assessment

104. Define Quality Audits?

Quality Audits examine the elements of a quality management system in order to evaluate how well these elements comply with quality system requirements.

105. Analyze TQM?

Total Made up of the whole. Quality Degree of excellence a product or service provides.

Management Act, art or manner of handling, controlling, directing etc.

106.       Give the usage of an effective recognition and reward system?

-Serves as a continual reminder that the organization regards quality and productivity as important.

-Offers the organization a visible technique to thank high achievers for outstanding performance.

-Provides employees a specific goal to work toward. It motivates them to improve the process.

-Boosts morale in the work environment by creating a healthy sense of competition among individuals and teams seeking recognition.

107.       How will you improve the performance appraisal system?

Use rating scales that have few rating categories.

Require work team or group evaluations that are at least equal in emphasis to individual-focused evaluations.

Require more frequent performance reviews where such reviews will have a dominant emphasis on future planning.

Promotion decisions should be made by an independent administrative process that draws on current-job information and potential for the new job.

Include indexes of external customer satisfaction in the appraisal process. o Use peer and subordinate feedback as an index of internal customer satisfaction.

Include evaluation for process improvement in addition to results.

108.       What are the typical measurements frequently asked by managers and teams?

Human Resource Customers Production

Research & Development Suppliers Marketing/Sales Administration

109.       What are the criteria to evaluate the performance measures?

-Simple

- Few in number

- Developed by users

-  Relevance to customer -Improvement

- Cost

- Visible

- Timely

- Aligned

-Results

110. Give the usage of C&E diagrams?

-Analyze actual conditions for the purpose of product or service quality improvement, more efficient use of resources, and reduced costs. -Eliminate conditions causing nonconformities and customer complaints. -Standardize existing and proposed operations.

-Educate and train personnel in decision-making and corrective-action activities.

111. Define Six Sigma?

Six-Sigma is a business process that allows organizations to drastically improve their bottom line by designing and monitoring every day business activities in ways that minimize waste and resources while increasing customer satisfaction. It is achieved through continuous process measurement, analysis & improvement.

112.       What are the various histogram shapes?

-Symmetrical -Skewed right -Skewed left -Peaked

-Flat -Bimodal

-Plateau distribution -Comb distribution -Double peaked distribution

113.       Differentiate Population & Sample?

Population represents the mathematical world and Sample represents the real world. A population frequency distribution is represented by a smooth curve whereas a sample frequency distribution is represented by a histogram.

114.       Give the sources of variation?

ï Equipment ï Material

ï Environment ï Operator

115.       Define Run chart?

A run chart is a very simple technique for analyzing the process in the development stage or, for that matter, when other charting techniques are not applicable.