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Chapter: Fiber Optic Sensing, new invention technology, Research project papers,

Health Monitoring of Flight Structures

Health Monitoring of Flight Structures
Fiber Optic Sensing, Advancing technology and science through flight 2014, Research, Technology, and Engineering Accomplishments, National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA, Neil A. Armstrong Flight Research Center. new invention technology, Research project papers;

Health Monitoring of Flight Structures

 

This wide-ranging research effort is using FBG sensors and OFDR sensing to develop quantitative techniques that can assess damage to structural elements. Originally designed to measure strain on UAVs and aircraft, this technology provides immediate feedback on strained aircraft structures to allow for precise, controlled monitoring to help avoid adverse scenarios. Fiber optic sensing with FBGs enables sensors to be placed in previously inaccessible regions (e.g., within bolted joints), enabling more precise, higher resolution measurements.

 

Work to date: Recent work involves mapping fiber optic strain measurements into structural health monitoring matrices. A UAV flight test validated strain predictions in numerous wingspan locations. Additionally, the team designed a system with 24 fibers, 18 of which were 40-foot fibers (~17,200 gratings) that instrumented both the left and the right UAV wings. Fibers also have been placed onboard the small APV-3 UAV and flown with cFOSS. FOSS technology has been recently applied to a clamping band that connects two satellite units in support of the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Mission.

 

 

Looking ahead: The team is planning a flight demonstration on an Antares launch vehicle in 2016. This effort will provide structural information regarding the rocket motor thrust frame as well as distributed temperature information along the fuel tanks.

 

NASA Partner: Kennedy Space Center

 

Benefits

 

 Smaller and lighter: Offers 100 times the number measurements at 1/100 the total sensor weight

 Safer: Provides validated structural design data that enable future launch systems to be lighter and more structurally efficient

 Multiple modalities: Measures multiple parameters in real time

 

Applications

 

 Aeronautics Civil structures

 Space    Wind energy

 Automotive Industrial processes

 

 Fiber Optic Sensing

 

Armstrong's portfolio of Fiber Optic Sensing System (FOSS) technologies offers unparalleled options for high-resolution sensing in applications that require a unique combination of high-powered processing and lightweight, flexible, and robust sensors. The system measures real-time strain, which can be used to determine two-dimensional and three-dimensional shape, temperature, liquid level, pressure, and loads, alone or in combination. Initially developed to monitor aircraft structures in flight, the system's capabilities open up myriad new applications for fiber optics-not just in aerospace but also for civil structures, transportation, oil and gas, medical, and many more industries.

 

The Armstrong approach employs fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) sensing, and ultra-efficient algo-rithms (100 samples/second). Engineers are continually seeking new ways of looking at information and determining what is important. Armstrong's FOSS technologies focus on critical research needs. Whether it is used to determine shape, stress, temperature, pressure, strength, operational load, or liquid level, this technology offers ultra-fast, reliable measurements.

 

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