EFFECTS OF DRUG ON
BODY
Here we come across with
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of the drug.
Pharmacokinetics – It describes the movement of the drug in our body, about its absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.
Pharmacodynamics – It describes about
the mechanism of action of a drug at cellular, sub-cellular, and at molecular
levels. The important principles of mechanism of action are stimulation,
depression, replacement, irritation and cytotoxic action.
Side effects: are the unwanted but
often unavoidable consequences of administered drug. E.g., aspirin
produces gastric ulcer.
Toxic effects: they are due to over
dosage or prolonged use. e.g., paracetamol causes hepatotoxicity..
Teratogenicity: it refers to the capacity of a drug to cause foetal abnormalities when administered to a pregnant mother. E.g., Tetracycline
Idiosyncrasy: it is a genetically
determined abnormal reaction to a drug in an unusual manner. E.g.,
barbiturates.
Drug dependence: drugs capable of
altering mood and feelings on repeated use of such drugs. E.g., morphine
Iatrogenic disease: this a physician induced
or drug induced disease. E.g., peptic ulcer by salicylates.
Drug allergy: it is an immunologically
mediated unpredictable reactions which are not related to the
therapeutic effects.
Carcinogenicity and
Mutagenicity: it is the capacity of a drug to cause cancer. e.g.,
anabolic steroids.
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