1. Attempt
an essay of the heroic fight Veerapandya Kattabomman conducted against the East
India Company.
• On the death of Jagavira Pandya, his son Kattabomman became
the palayakkarar.
• Conflicts arose between Kattabomman and the East India
Company.
• The collectors who had been appointed to collect taxes,
humiliated the palayakkarars and adopted forces to collect taxes. This was the
bone of contention between the English and Kattabomman.
Confrontation with
Jackson:
• Collector Jackson ordered Kattabomman to meet him in
Ramanathapuram.
• In the interview with the collector at Ramanathapuram, he was
ill-treated.
• When Kattabomman felt that he was in danger, he escaped with
the help of Oomathurai.
• At the gate of the Ramanathapuram fort, there was a clash in
which some people including Lieut. Clarke were killed.
Confederacy of
Palayakkarars: South Indian Confederacy was formed
by Marudhu Pandyan. Kattabomman joined this confederacy against the wish of the
British. Marudhu brothers and Kattabomman decided on a confrontation with the
English. Kattabomman's effort to bring the palayakkarar into the confederacy
irritated the British. So the army was sent to Tirunelveli under Bannerman.
The siege of
Panchalamkurichi: On 1 September 1799, the British
issued an ultimatum to Kattabomman to surrender. As Kattabomman gave an evasive
reply Bannerman moved his entire army to Panchalamkurichi on 5th September.
When the fort was attached Kattabomman escaped to Pudukottai.
Betrayal of rajas
of Ettayapuram and Pudukottai: The British put a
prize on Kattabomman's head. Because of the betrayal of rajas of Ettayapuram
and Pudukottai Kattabomman was captured.
Execution of
Kattabomman: The trail on Kattabomman was held
in front of the palayakkarars. Kattabomman was insulted by Bannerman.
Kattabomman admitted all the charges levelled against him. Finally he was
hanged to death at Kayathar.
2. Highlight
the tragic fall of Sivagangai and its outcome.
• In 1801 Marudhu brothers issued a proclamation of independence
which is called Tiruchirappalli proclamation.
• Many palayakkarars united against the British.
• The British got the support from Bengal, Ceylon and Malaya.
Rajas of Pudukottai and Ettayapuram also supported the British. The divide and
rule policy of the British split the forces of the palayakkarars.
Fall of Sivagangai:
• The rebels were defeated by the English forces at Thanjavur,
Tiruchirappalli, Piranmalai and Kalayarkoil.
• The rebels could not withstand the superior military strength
and the able commanders of the English.
• The rebellion failed and Sivagangai was annexed in 1801.
Result:
• Marudhu brothers were executed in the fort of Tirupathur.
• Oomathurai and Sevathaiah were captured and beheaded.
• Seventy three rebels were exiled to Penang in Malaya.
• The palayakkarars feii to the English. The rebellion was
suppressed.
Carnatic Treaty,
1801:
• The Carnatic Treaty was signed in 1801.
• It led to the liquidation of local chieftains of Tamilnadu.
• The British assumed direct control over Tamilagam.
• The Palayakkarar system came to an end.
3. Account
for the outbreak of Vellore Revolt in 1806.
• The British brought the districts of Salem, Dindigul and
Coimbatore under their control.
• By the Treaty of 1801, the nawab of Arcot had to cede five
districts to the British.
• The continuous resistance of little kings resulted in the
Vellore revolt.
Causes of the
revolt:
• There was a strong sense of resentment among the Indian sepoys
over low salary and lack of promotion.
• The English officers did not respect the social and religious
sentiments of Indian sepoys.
• Many of the sepoys' families were in dire economic straits.
• The family members of Tipu had been interned in Vellore fort.
New military
regulations:
• The English commander John Cradock introduced many reforms in
the army.
• The Indian soldiers were prohibited from smearing religious
marks on their foreheads. They were ordered to shave their beard and trim their
moustache.
• The new turban and the leather cockade created resentment
among the soldiers.
Outbreak of the
revolt:
• On 10 July 1806, in the early hours, the sepoys started the
revolt.
• The first victim was Col. Fancourt. Next was Col. Mekerras.
Within an hour nearly twelve English officers were killed.
Suppression of the
revolt:
• Col. Gillespie reached the fort along with Captain Young.
• In the meantime the rebels proclaimed Fateh Hyder as their new
ruler and hoisted the tiger flag of Tipu over the fort.
• However the British crushed the revolt. Hundreds of soldiers
were killed.
1. Teacher
can ask the students to prepare an album of patriotic leaders of early revolts
against the British rule in Tamil Nadu. Using their imagination they can also
draw pictures of different battles in which they attained martyrdom
2. Stage
play visualising the conversation between Jackson and Kattabomman be attempted
by students with the help of teachers.
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