i.
Low Cost Labour
MNC set up their facilities in low cost
countries and produce goods/service at lower cost. It gains cost advantage and
sells its products and services of good quality at low cost. This is not available to
smaller companies which operate at regional level.
ii.
Quality Products
The resource, experience
and expertise of MNCs in the sphere of research and
development enables the host country to establish its research and development
system which helps it in producing quality goods and services at least possible
cost.
iii.
Proper Use of Idle Resources
Because of their advanced technical
knowledge, MNCs are in a position toproperly utilise idle physical and human
resources of the host country. This results in an increase in the National
Income of the host country.
iv.
Improvement in Balance of Payment Position
MNCs help the host countries to increase
their exports. As such, they help the host country to improve upon its Balance
of Payment position.
v.
Technical Development
MNCs carry the advantages of technical
development 10 host countries. In fact, MNCs are a vehicle for transference of
technical development from one country
to another. Because of MNCs poor host countries also begin to develop
technically.
vi.
Managerial Development
MNCs employ latest management
techniques. People employed by MNCs do a lot of research in management. In a
way, they help to professionalize management along latest lines of management
theory and practice. This leads to managerial development in host countries.
vii.
End of Local Monopolies
The entry of MNCs leads to
competition in the host countries. Local
monopolies of host countries either start improving their products or reduce
their prices. Thus MNCs put an end to exploitative trade practices of local
monopolists. As a matter of fact, MNCs compel domestic companies to improve
their efficiency and quality.
In India, many Indian companies acquired
ISO-9000 quality certificates, due to fear of competition posed by MNCs.
viii.
Improvement in Standard of Living
By providing super quality products and
services, MNCs help to improve the standard of living of people of host
countries.
ix.
Promotion of international brotherhood and culture
MNCs integrate economies of various
nations with the world economy. Through their international dealings, MNCs
promote international brotherhood and culture; and pave way for world peace and
prosperity.
i.
Danger for Domestic Industries
MNCs, because of their vast economic
power, pose a danger to domestic industries; which are still in the process of
development. Domestic industries cannot face challenges posed by MNCs. Many
domestic industries have to wind up, as a result of threat from MNCs. Thus MNCs
give a setback to the economic growth of host countries.
ii.
Transfer of Outdated Technology
Where MNCs transfer outdated technology
to host nation, it serves no purpose.
iii.
No Benefit to Poor People
MNCs produce only those things, which
are used by the rich. Therefore, poor people of host countries do not get,
generally, any benefit, out of MNCs.
iv.
Danger to Independence
Initially MNCs help the Government of
the host country, in a number of ways; and then gradually start interfering in
the political affairs of the host country. There is, then, an implicit danger
to the independence of the host country, in the long-run.
v.
Deprivation of Job Opportunity of Local People
MNCs may not generate job opportunities
to the people of home country.
vi.
Misuse of Mighty Status
MNCs are powerful economic entities.
They can afford to bear losses for a long while, in the hope of earning huge
profits- once they have ended local competition and achieved monopoly. This may
be the dirty marketing strategy of MNCs to wipe off local competitors from the
host country.
vii.
Careless Exploitation of Natural Resources
MNCs tend to use the natural resources
of the host country carelessly. They cause rapid depletion of some of the
non-renewable natural resources of the host country. In this way, MNCs cause a
permanent damage to the economic development of the host country.
viii.
Selfish Promotion of Alien Culture
MNCs tend to promote alien culture in
host country to sell their products. They make people forget about their own
cultural heritage. In India, e.g. MNCs have created a taste for synthetic food,
soft drinks etc. This promotion of foreign culture by MNCs is injurious to the
health of people also.
ix.
Neglect of Industrial and Economic Growth of Home Country
An investment in host countries is more
profitable, MNCs may neglect home countries industrial and economic evelopment.
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