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Chapter: 6th Science : Term 1 Unit 5 : Living World of Animals

Adatptation in Animals­

A Living thing can survive in a particular habitat if its body is adapted to the conditions of that habitat. Plants and animals develop special characteristics or features in their body in order to survive in their habitat (the surroundings).

Adatptation in Animals­

 

Animals vary in size, shape and behavior

A Living thing can survive in a particular habitat if its body is adapted to the conditions of that habitat. Plants and animals develop special characteristics or features in their body in order to survive in their habitat (the surroundings). The presence of specific body features for certain habits which enable a plant or an animal to live in a particular habitat is called adaptation.

The fish lives in either freshwater or marine water. Let us analyse the adaptations seen in a fish for its aquatic life.

 

Fish

1. The head, trunk and tail of a fish merge to form a streamlined shape. The streamlined body shape helps the fish to move through the water easily.

2. The fish has special organs called “Gills” which is a respiratory organ helps to absorb oxygen dissolved in water for breathing. It is adapted to breathe in water.


3. Most of the fishes have slippery scales all over the body which protect the body.

4. The fish has fins for swimming.

5. The fish has strong tail which acts as rudder to change direction and keep its body balance in water.

 

Lizard

1. Lizards are scaly-skinned reptiles that are usually distinguished from snakes by the possession of legs, movable eyelids, and external ear openings.

2. They mostly inhabit warm regions. Most lizards are quadripedal (walk with four legs) and have a powerful limb.

3. Some lizards have the capacity to rotate the head around the head joint.


4. They breathe through lungs. Some lizards are able to run bipedally with two legs. In this the tail is held out backward and upward and acts as a counterweight.

5. Most lizards eat a variety of insects like mosquitoes and Cockroaches with sharp, tricuspid, teeth adapted for grabbing and holding

6. Some lizards (Dinosaurs) have web in the toes, and few lizards are able to glide or parachute the air and make soft landings.

 

Birds

1. They have streamlined body covered with feathers.

2 This body shape provides minimum resistance to air.

3 They have beak instead of mouth.

4. They breathe through lungs. They have a pair of wings that are modified forelimbs.

5. They have hollow and light bones.


6. Usually we see birds fly, however they can also hop, move, run, etc., on the ground and they perch well on the branches of tree with the help of a pair of clawed feet.

7. The tail of the bird helps it to control the direction of the movements.

8. They have strong chest muscles which help them withstand the pressure of the air while flapping their wings during flight.

9. At a time, birds can see one object with one eye and another object with the other eye. (Binocular vision)

When an animal moves its location as the season changes it is said to be Migration.  In Tamil Nadu Bird Sanctuaries are located at Vedanthangal, Kodiyakkarai and Koondhankulam.


There are many birds from foreign countries like Siberia and Russia migrate to our Vedanthaangal. Likewise during summer and drought conditions birds from our country migrate to foreign countries. These birds are called Migratory Birds.

 

Adaptation in Camel:

Camel lives in hot desert where water is scarce. The body structure of a camel helps it to survive in desert because of its following special features which are listed below:

1. The camel has long legs which help it to keep its body away from the hot sand in the desert.

2. A camel can drink large amount of water (when it is available) and store it in the body.

3. A camel’s body is adapted to save water in the dry desert as follows: A Camel passes small amount of urine; its dung is dry and it does not sweat. Since a camel loses very little water from its body, it can live for many days without drinking water.

4. A camel’s hump has fat stored in it. In case of emergency a camel can break down stored fat for nourshment.


5. A camel has large and flat padded feet which help it to walk easily on soft sand. Thus it is called “The ship of the desert”.

6. Camel has long eye lashes and hairs to protect its eyes and ears from the blowing dust.

7. It can keep its nostrils closed to avoid dust.

Info Bits

* Spending winters in a dormant condition is called Hibernation. eg. Turtle

* On the other hand, spending the hot and dry period in an inactive state is knownas Aestivation. eg. Snail


Kangaroo rat does not drink water at all. Whatever food it eats and oxygen it gets from air combine together to form water inside the body.


Table: 2 Adaptive Features of Animals from different Habitats


The mountain goat namely Nilgri Tahr can find small spaces on rock to climb with ease and keep its balance as it feeds.


 


ICT CORNER

Bio diversity

Lets play animal quiz


Steps:

* Go to Google / browser and type “animal quiz” to know more about the types of animals and their habitation.

* When you get the app, press install button for installing. Then click open and start your game.

* Many options will be displayed on the screen. From that, you select the option of your choice.

* When the choice is selected and the game is started for each animal four options will come. When the correct answer is given it will automatically go to next animal. When the whole episode is over you can go to the starting phase and start the next play.


URL:

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.asmolgam.

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