Sources of sags and
interruptions:
A sudden increase in load results
in a corresponding sudden drop in voltage.
Any sudden increase in load, if
large enough, will cause a voltage sag in:
o Motors
o Faults cause the voltage sag.
o
Switching operation
Since the electric motors draw
more current when they are starting than when they are running
at their rated speed, starting an electric motor can be a reason of voltage
sag.
When a line-to-ground fault
occurs, there will be voltage sag until the protective switch gear operates.
Some accidents in power lines such
as lightning or falling an object can be a cause of line-to-ground fault and
voltage sag as a result.
Sudden load changes or excessive
loads can cause voltage sag.
Depending on the transformer
connections, transformers energizing could be another reason for
happening voltage sags.
Voltage sags can arrive from the
utility but most are caused by in-building equipment. In residential homes, we
usually see voltage sags when the refrigerator, air-conditioner or furnace fan
starts up.
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