SOURCES AND TYPES OF MUNICIPAL
SOLID WASTES
1. Write short notes on solid waste.
Solid
waste refers to non-soluble material such as agricultural refuse, industrial
waste, mining residues, demolition waste, municipal garbage or even sewage
sludge. Most of these kind of wastes cannot be recycled or rehabilitated for
further use.
2.
What are the sources of solid waste?
i.
Residential, Commercial, Institutional
ii.
Industrial
iii.
Agricultural
iv.
Hazardous waste
3.
What is solid waste management?
Solid
waste management is the entire process involved in the recycling process. Solid
waste management starts with the trucks picking up recyclables, delivering them
to the recycling.
4. What is municipal solid waste?
Municipal
solid waste is the solid waste, or garbage, collected from the residents of a
city. It is composed of mostly paper, plastic, food scraps and other household
wastes.
5. What are the types of solid
wastes?
Solid waste can be classified
into different types depending on their source:
i.
Household waste is generally classified as
municipal waste
ii.
Industrial waste as hazardous waste
iii.
Biomedical waste or hospital waste as infectious
waste 6. Define toxic waste.
Old
medicines, paints, chemicals, bulbs, spray cans, fertilizer and pesticide
containers, batteries, shoe polish.
7.
Differentiate between a) Hazardous and b)
Non-hazardous
a)
Substance that is ignitable, corrosive, reactive,
infectious or explosive
b)
Easily decomposable/ biodegradable solid waste
It deals
with arrangement of architecture of rocks. It also includes the factors like
folds, faults and joints.
8. Define Legislation
Legislation
is the process or act of making law or a set of laws by the legislation body or
governing body in a country.
9. What are the impacts of solid
waste on health?
The group
at risk from the unscientific disposal of solid waste includes - the
population in areas where there is no proper waste disposal method, especially
the pre-school children, waste workers, and workers in facilities producing
toxic and infectious material. Other high-risk group includes population living
close to a waste dump and those, whose water supply has become contaminated
either due to waste dumping or leakage from landfill sites. Uncollected solid
waste also increases risk of injury, and infection.
10. What is meant by domestic
wastes?
Domestic
wastes means any solid waste derived from households including single and
multiple residences, hotels and motels, bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew
quarters, campgrounds, picnic grounds and day use recreation areas.
11. What is meant by farming
wastes?
Farming
wastes means the wastes from the customary and generally accepted activities,
practices, and procedures that farmers adopt, use or engage in during the
production and preparation for market of poultry, livestock and associated farm
products and in the production and harvesting of agricultural crops which
include agronomic, horticultural and silvicultural crops and wastes resulting
from aquaculture activities. However, the term does not include special wastes
such as waste oils or other lubricants, unused fertilizers or pesticide
containers or residues.
12. What is meant by industrial
wastes?
An
industrial waste means solid waste produced in or generated by industrial or
manufacturing processes. The term does not include commercial, domestic, mining
or hazardous waste regulated under subtitle C or RCRA or oil and gas waste.
13. What is meant by
institutional wastes?
Institutional
wastes means all the solid waste which are not special wastes, emanating from
institutions such as but not limited to hospitals, health care facilities,
nursing homes, laboratories, orphanages, correctional institutions, schools and
universities.
14. What is meant by medical
wastes?
A medical
waste means the solid wastes generated by hospitalized patients who are
isolated to protect others from communicable diseases.
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