Fruits are formed from
flowers and they are the ripened ovary or ovaries of a flowering plant together
with the adjacent tissues. Most fruits are fleshy and pulpy or juicy and are
pleasantly sweet and have a distinct appealing flavour when ripe. Fruits
provide several health benefits and eating the recommended amount of fruit
every day can reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
Fruits contain high
amount of moisture hence they are highly perishable. They are also good sources
of fibre. Apples, pears, cherries, grapes and citrus fruits contain flavonoids
which act as antioxidants.
Fruits particularly
citrus varieties and guava are a good source of vitamin
Gooseberry is the
richest source of vitamin C.
Yellow fruits like
mango and papaya contain β carotene. Banana is a good source of carbohydrate
and energy. Fruits are a poor source of protein and fat with the exception of
avocado.
Fruits also contain
fibre and minerals such as sodium, potassium and magnesium. They are not a good
source of calcium. Dry fruits and Seetha phal and (custard apple) contribute
appreciable amounts of iron.
Fruits can be
classified as:
Berries: Strawberries,
gooseberries, blackberries, raspberries, blueberries, cranberries
Citrus fruits: Sweet limes, oranges,
tangerines, sour oranges, lime, lemon, grape fruit.
Drupes: Apricot, sweet cherry,
peach, plums
Grapes: Green grapes, black
grapes, seedless grapes
Melons: Musk melon, water
melon
Pomes: Apples, pears
Tropical and
Subtropical fruits: Gooseberry, avacado, banana, dates, guava, jack fruit, mango,
jambu fruit, papaya, passion fruit, pineapple, pomegranate, sapota, Seetha phal
(custard apple).
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