Toxicogenomics
Toxicogenomics is related to pharmacogenomics, combining toxicology,
genetics, molecular biology, and environmental health to elucidate the response
of living organisms to stressful environments or toxic agents. Likewise, new drug candidates can be screened through a
combination of gene expression profiling and toxicol-ogy to understand gene
response and possibly predict safety (Furness, 2002). Genomic techniques
utilized include gene expression level profiling and single-nucleotide
polymorphism analysis of the genetic variation of individuals generally
employing micro-array technology. Toxicogenomic studies are corre-lated to
adverse toxicological effects in clinical trials so that suitable biomarkers
for these adverse effects can be developed. Using such methods, it would then
theoretically possible to test an individual patient forhis or her
susceptibility to these adverse effects before administering a drug. Patients
that would show the marker for an adverse effect would be switched to a
different drug. At this time however, the field is in its infancy.
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