Standard input/output (stdio.h) - C++ Header Files and Built-in Functions

Standard input/output (stdio.h)

This header file defines the standard I/O predefined functions getchar(), putchar(), gets(), puts() and etc.

1. getchar() and putchar() functions

The predefined function getchar() is used to get a single character from keyboard and putchar() function is used to display it.

Program 11.1 C++ code to accept a character and displays it

#include<iostream>

#include<stdio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

      cout<<"\n Type a Character : ";

      char ch = getchar();

      cout << "\n The entered Character is: ";

      putchar(ch);

      return 0;

}

Output:

Type a Character : T

The entered Character is: T

2. gets() and puts() functions

Function gets() reads a string from standard input and stores it into the string pointed by the variable. Function puts() prints the string read by gets() function in a newline.

Program 11.2 C++ code to accepts and display a string

#include<iostream>

#include<stdio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

      char str[50];

      cout<<"Enter a string : ";

      gets(str);

      cout<<"You entered: "

      puts(str);

      return(0);

}

Output :

Enter a string : Computer Science

You entered: Computer Science