Questions with Answers

Plants ( Term 2 Chapter 3 | 5th Science )

Evaluation

I. Choose the correct answer.

1. Male reproductive organ of the flower is

a) sepal

b) petal

c) androceium

d) gynoceium

Answer: c) androceium

2. Pollination by wind is also known as

a) anemophily

b) hydrophily

c) entamophily

d) ornithophily

Answer: a) anemophily

3. Dispersal of seed by water is known as

a) anemochory

b) hydrochory

c) zoochory

d) autochory

Answer: b) hydrochory

4. Entamophily is known as

a) pollination by insects

b) pollination by wind

c) pollination by water

d) pollination by animal

Answer: a) pollination by insects

5. Pollination takes place by wind in

a) grass

b) vallisneria

c) hydrilla

d) lotus

Answer: a) grass

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. Spreading of seeds from one place to another is known as dispersal of seeds.

2. Autochory is known as Sell dispersal method.

3. The seed is a fertilized ovule.

4. Paddy grow well in clay soil.

5. The soil which contains bigger sized particle is sand.

III. Match the following.

1. Earthworm - Destroys the egg and larva of mosquitoes

2. Birds - Honey

3. Coconut - Ornithophily

4. Bee - Dispersal by water

5. Dragonfly - Vermi-compost

Answer:

1. Earthworm - Vermi-compost

2. Birds - Omithophily

3. Coconut - Dispersal by water

4. Bee - Honey

5. Dragonfly - Destroys the egg and larva of mosquitoes

IV. Answer briefly.

1. Define pollination.

The transfer of pollengrains from the anther to stigma of a flower is called pollination.

2. What is germination of seed?

Under favourable conditions like sunlight, water and soil, the embryo grows up into a new plant. This is called germination.

3. How soil is formed?

Soil is formed by the breaking of rocks by the action of wind, water and climate.

4. What is known as vermi-compost?

The process of decomposing bio-degradable wastes by earthworms is known as vermi-compost.

5. How the seeds are spread by water?

Fruits which are dispersed by water have outer coats modified to enable them to float. The mesocarp (middle layer) of coconut is fibrous and is easily carried away by water. They reach different places and grow into a new plant. Eg : Lotus, Coconut.

V. Answer in detail.

1. Write a note on parts of plants.

A plant has two important parts. The part above the soil is called shoot system. The part below the soil is called root system. The shoot system has stem, branches, leaves and flowers. The root system has root and branches of root. Some plants have a main root and this is called tap root. Some plants have bunches of roots called fibrous root.

2. Explain the methods of pollination.

The transfer of pollengrains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same flower is called self pollination. The transfer of pollengrains of a flower to the stigma of another flower of a different plant of the same species is called cross pollination.

In self pollination, seeds produce weak plants and new varieties of plants cannot be produced. In cross pollination, seeds produce good plants and new varieties of plants can be produced. Pollination takes place through different agents. They are explained below.

Pollination by Wind (Anemophily): The flowers pollinated by wind are mostly small in size and do not have any attractive colour, smell and nectar.

The pollen grains are non-sticky, dry, light and powdery. Hence, they are easily carried by the wind. Eg: Maize, Pine.

Pollination by Water (Hydrophily): The flowers of water plants are not colourful and they have no nectar. Pollengrains of these plants have mucilaginous covering to protect them from getting wet. They float in water and reach the other plant. Eg: Vallisneria, Hydrilla, Zosteria.

Pollination by Insects (Entamophily): This is the most common type of pollination in plants like sunflower, ladies finger, brinjal and pumpkin. Some flowers are large in size and they have sweet smell. Some of these flowers produce nectar. They attract insects like butterflies and honey bees.

3. Draw the picture of a flower and label the parts.

Activity 1

Take a hibiscus flower or a rose flower. Display the parts like sepal, petal, gynoecium and androecium in a chart paper and note down its colour and shape.

Activity 2

Classify the plants based on the pollination methods.

Vallisneria, Hydrilla, Sunflower, Grass, Brinjal, Maize, Pumpkin.

Activity 3

Collect seeds of different plants from your area. Find out whether they are monocotyledons or dicotyledons.

Activity 4

Collect variety of seeds with hair, wings, hooks and spines. Keep them in a card board box separately. Name them and collect information on how they are dispersed.

Activity 5

Take a little amount of soil and powder it. Put this soil in a glass tumbler. Mix it with water; stir it well with a small stick to dissolve the soil. Let it undisturbed for some time. Now you can see different layers of soil. The rotting matter floating on the water is called humus. The other layers are clay, sand and gravel. From this we can see that the soil is a mixture of various particles.

Activity 6

Visit a nursery garden near your area and observe how the varieties of saplings are growing there. Prepare a report about it.