Materials Around Us

UNIT 1

Materials Around Us

Learning Objectives

The Learners

• Identify the different materials around them

• Differentiate between the materials

Let Us Talk

Observe the picture and talk about the different objects and what they are made of.

All the objects that we use are made of different kinds of materials.

Wood

Meera is colouring with a pencil.

Grand father is sitting on a chair.

Books are arranged in the bookshelf.

Vimal is playing with a doll.

Wood is a material got from the trunk and branches of trees. We make many things such as chairs, toys, pencils, ladders, bats, matchsticks, doors and bookshelves from wood.

Can you identify the things made of wood in your classroom?

Tick (✓) the things made of wood.

Clay

Fathima is planting a sapling in the soil.

Soil is a mixture of clay, sand, small pieces of rock and dried leaves. Clay is sticky. It has the ability to absorb water.

Bricks are made of clay.

Many more things can be made using clay.

Pot, Clay Stove, Lamp, Roof Tiles

Rajan collects wooden toys. Kamala collects clay toys. How many toys do each of them have? Count and write.

Stone

Sandiya and Kaviya playing with pebbles.

Pebbles are a type of stone.

Stone is a hard substance found on earth.

There are many kinds of stones. We use stone in many ways.

Mahabalipuram is well known for its stone sculptures.

Stones are used to build houses.

Marble is a kind of stone. It is used to make floors and buildings.

 Small stones called gravel are used to make roads.

Stones are used to make statues.

Red stone is also a type of stone used in many buildings.

We can make jewellery using precious stones called gems.

Join the objects to the materials they are made of.

Sand

Ravi and Prabu are playing in the sand. Do you like playing in the sand?

Sand is formed from broken pieces of rock over a long period of time.

Sand is mixed with cement to construct buildings. Sand is also used in making glass. Beautiful sculptures can be made with the sand. This is called sand art.

Sand clocks were used to measure time in the olden days

Shall we make a sand clock?

• Take two similar bottles.

• Make a hole on the lid of both bottles with the help of your teacher.

• Fill one half of one bottle with sand.

• Paste both bottles with tape as shown in the picture.

• Now the sand clock is ready.

Let us play with a sand clock

Find out how many times you can jump by the time the sand moves from one bottle to the other. Use the clock to measure the time taken for other activities.

Metals

Surya is riding a bicycle. Bicycles are made of metal. Metal is a hard and shiny material. We use metals in our daily life in many ways. Look at the following examples.

Circle the things made of metals.