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Chapter: Power System Analysis : Fault Analysis : Balanced Faults

Importance Short Circuit (Or) For Fault Analysis

A fault in a circuit is any failure which interferes with the normal flow of current. The faults are associated with abnormal change in current, voltage and frequency of the power system.

IMPORTANCE SHORT CIRCUIT (OR) FOR FAULT ANALYSIS

 

Fault

 

A fault in a circuit is any failure which interferes with the normal flow of current. The faults are associated with abnormal change in current, voltage and frequency of the power system.

 

Faults occur in a power system

The faults occur in a power system due to

(i). Insulation failure of equipment

 

(ii). Flashover of lines initiated by a lighting stroke

 

(iii). Due to permanent damage to conductors and towers or due to accidental faulty operations.

 

Various types of faults

(i) Series fault or open circuit fault

 

One open conductor fault

Two open conductor fault

 

(ii) Shunt fault or short circuit fault. Symmetrical fault or balanced fault

§ Three phase fault

 

Unsymmetrical fault or unbalanced fault

§ Line to ground (L-G) fault

§ Line to Line (L-L) fault

§ Double line to ground (L-L-G) fault

 

Relative frequency of occurrence of various types of fault


 

Symmetrical fault or balanced three phase fault

 

This type of fault is defined as the simultaneous short circuit across all the three phases. It occurs infrequently, but it is the most severe type of fault encountered. Because the network is balanced, it is solved by per phase basis using Thevenins theorem or bus impedance matrix or KVL, KCL laws.

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Power System Analysis : Fault Analysis : Balanced Faults : Importance Short Circuit (Or) For Fault Analysis |


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