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Definition, Example, Sample Questions Answers - Grammar: Connectors, Active Voice and Passive Voice | 9th English : UNIT 6 : Prose : From Zero to Infinity - Biography of Srinivasa Ramanujan

Chapter: 9th English : UNIT 6 : Prose : From Zero to Infinity - Biography of Srinivasa Ramanujan

Grammar: Connectors, Active Voice and Passive Voice

A connector may be used to indicate the relationship between the ideas expressed in a clause or a sentence.

Grammar

Connectors

* We could go to the library or the park.

* He neither finished his homework nor studied for the test.

* I did not go out because the weather was hot.

In each of the above sentences, two different ideas are expressed in one sentence.To connect the ideas, some words like or, neither…nor, because are used. These words and phrases are called Connectors.

A connector may be used to indicate the relationship between the ideas expressed in a clause or a sentence.

The following connectors can be used for different purposes.

Look at the following sentences, how connectors are used.


* The man has much money. However, he isn’t happy at all.

* I like playing football. On the other hand, my brother likes playing basketball.

* His family made a lot of effort to make their son’s lessons better, conversely, he never made any effort.

* She spent four years studying for her law degree. Meanwhile, she continued to work at the bank.

* You are not allowed to use your phone here. Similarly, you have to switch it off when you are in the library.

 

A. Complete the following sentences using appropriate Connectors from the box.

moreover, although, meanwhile, therefore, because, as long as, thus, above all, for instance, except

 

1. Irine felt cold although she was wearing a winter coat.

2. This restaurant has some of the best chefs in the town. moreover their service is excellent.

3. I’m not going to the party tonight because I didn’t get an invitation.

4. You can set the table. meanwhile, I’ll start making dinner.

5. I can play quite a few instruments. for instance, the flute, the guitar and the piano.

6. The store was out of chocolate chips; therefore they would need to make a different type of cookies.

7. The stores are open daily except Sundays.

8. I’ll stay as long as you need me.

9. This detergent is highly concentrated and thus you will need to dilute it.

10. It was the thing he prized above all.

 

Active Voice and Passive Voice

Read the following sentences and analyse the difference.

The team leader presented the report.

The report was presented by the team leader.

* In the first sentence, the verb shows that the subject is the doer of the action.

Therefore, the sentence is in active voice.

* In the second sentence, the verb shows that the subject is not the doer of the action. Therefore, the sentence is in passive voice.

 

We use the Passive voice when -

*the focus is on the action rather than the doer of the action.

(e.g.)About 50 per cent of the graduates are employed in IT related sectors.

*we do not know who the doer is.

(e.g.)My bike was stolen yesterday.

*we talk of a system or a process.

(e.g.)The vegetables are washed well. Then, they are cut into cubes.

* we write newspaper headlines and notices at public places. (‘be’ verb is omitted as the language has to be concise)

(e.g.) 20 sportsmen felicitated by PM.

*we describe changes that have taken place.

(e.g.) Our school looks completely different. The whole place has been painted.

 

Look at the below table. It shows the changes in tense while changing sentences from active voice into passive voice.


 

B. Convert the following active sentences into passive sentences by supplying an appropriate passive verb form.

 

1. She will not recognize us. / We ____________ by her.

a. will not recognize

b. will not being recognized

c. will not be recognized

2. They didn’t invite me, but I went anyway. / I ________________ but I went anyway.

a. wasn't invited

b. wasn't being invited

c. wasn't inviting

3. They broke up the table for firewood. / The table ____________ up for firewood.

a. broke

b. had broken

c. was broken

4. She has won the first prize. / The first prize ______________ by her.

a. has won

b. has been won

c. had been won

5. A friend of mine is repairing the car. / The car _______________ by a friend of mine.

a. is repairing

b. is repaired

c. is being repaired

6. Begin the work tomorrow. / Let the work ____________ tomorrow.

a. be begun

b. begin

c.is beginning

7. They speak English in New Zealand. / English _______________ in New Zealand.

a. is speaking

b. is spoken

c. is being spoken

8. His attitude shocked me. / I _______________ by his attitude.

a. had shocked

b. had been shocked

c. was shocked

9. She had already sent the parcel. / The parcel _______________ by her.

a. has already been sent

b. had already been sent

c. was already sent

10. Her silence worries me. / I _______________ her silence.

a. am worrying by

b. am worried by

c. have worried by

 

C. Match the following Active voice sentences with Passive voice


Answer:

Active Voice : Passive Voice

1. I will never forget this experience :  This experience will never be forgotten by me.

2. Mother made a cake yesterday. : A cake was made by mother yesterday.

3. Have you finished the report? : Has the report been finished by you?

4. The tiger was chasing the deer. : The deer was being chased by the tiger.

5. She has written a novel. : A novel has been written by her.

 

Imperatives in Passive

Let + object + be + past participle. (Positive)

(e.g) Open the window. (Active)

Let the window be opened. (Passive)


Let + object + not + be + past participle. (Negative)

(e.g) Do not pluck the flowers. (Active)

Let the flowers not be plucked. (Passive)

 

Look at these imperatives in passive and compare.


Active: Help me.

Passive: You are requested to help me.

Active: Don’t touch it.

Passive: You are warned not to touch it.

(Note:  We can begin the passive sentence with you if we want to put emphasis on the person addressed to.)

 

D. Change the following into passive voice.

1. Stanley will inform you later. Answer: You will be informed by Stanley later.

2. People speak Portuguese in Brazil. Answer: Portuguese is spoken by people in Brazil.

3. My grandfather built this house in 1943. Answer: This house was built in 1943 by my grand father.

4. Do not hurt the animals. Answer: Let the animals not be hurt / Let not the animals be hurt

5. You must not drop litter in the streets. Answer: Litter must not be dropped in the streets by you.

6. Carry it home. Answer: Let it be carried home.

7. They are decorating the wall. Answer: The wall is being decorated by them.

8. He has already mended the TV set. Answer: The TV set has already been mended by him.


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9th English : UNIT 6 : Prose : From Zero to Infinity - Biography of Srinivasa Ramanujan : Grammar: Connectors, Active Voice and Passive Voice | Definition, Example, Sample Questions Answers


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