Manufacturing Of Bricks
Drying
Green bricks contain about 7 - 30% moisture
depending upon the method of manufacture. Theobject of drying is to remove the
moistre to controlthe shrinkage and save fuel and time during burning.The
drying shrinkage is dependent upon pore spaceswithin the clay and the mixing
water. The additionof sand or ground burnt clay reduces shrinkage,increases
porosity and facilities drying. The moisturecontent is brought down to about 3
per cent underexposed conditions within three to four days. Thus,the strength
of the green bricks is increased and the bricks can be handled safely. Clay
products can be dried in open air driers or in artificial driers. The
artificial driers are of two types, the hot floor drier and the tunnel drier.
In the former, heat is applied by a furnance placed at one end of the drier or
by exhaust steam from the engine used to furnish power and is used for fire
bricks, clay pipes and terracotta. Tunnel driers are heated by fuels
underneath, by steam pipes, or by hot air from cooling kilns. They are more
economical than floor driers. In artificial driers, temperature rarely exceeds
120 o C. The time varies from one to three days. In developing countries, bricks
are normally dried in natural open air driers (Fig. 11). They are stacked on
raised ground and are protected from bad weather and direct sunlight. A gap of
about 1.0 m is left in the adjacent layers of the stacks so as to allow free
movement for the workers.
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