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Chapter: High Voltage Engineering : Electrical breakdown is gases, solids& Liquids

Electrical Breakdown in Gases, Solids and Liquids

With ever increasing demand of electrical energy, the power system is growing both in size and complexities. The generating capacities of power plants and transmission voltage are on the increase because of their inherent advantages.

ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN IN GASES, SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS

 

INTRODUCTION

 

With ever increasing demand of electrical energy, the power system is growing both in size and complexities. The generating capacities of power plants and transmission voltage are on the increase because of their inherent advantages. If the transmission voltage is doubled, the power transfer capability of the system becomes four times and the line losses are also relatively reduced. As a result, it becomes a stronger and economical system. In India, we already have 400 kV lines in operation and 800 kV lines are being planned. In big cities, the conventional transmission voltages (110 kV–220 kV etc.) are being used as distribution voltages because of increased demand.

 

A system (transmission, switchgear, etc.) designed for 400 kV and above using conventional insulating materials is both bulky and expensive and, therefore, newer and newer insulating materials are being investigated to bring down both the cost and space requirements. The electrically live conductors are supported on insulating materials and sufficient air clearances are provided to avoid flashover or short circuits between the live parts of the system and the grounded structures. Sometimes, a live conductor is to be immersed in an insulating liquid to bring down the size of the container and at the same time provide sufficient insulation between the live conductor and the grounded container. In electrical engineering all the three media, viz. the gas, the liquid and the solid are being used and, therefore, we study here the mechanism of breakdown of these media.

 

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High Voltage Engineering : Electrical breakdown is gases, solids& Liquids : Electrical Breakdown in Gases, Solids and Liquids |


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