Control Surveying
1. Define
Tacheometry:
i. Tacheometry
is a branch of angular surveying in which the horizontal and vertical distances
(or) points are obtained by optional means as opposed to the ordinary slower
process of measurements by chain (or) tape.
2. Define
Tacheometer:
i. It is an
ordinary transit theodolite fitted with an extra lens called analytic lens. The
purpose of fitting the analytic lens is to reduce the additive constant to
zero.
3. Define
Analytic lens:
a. Analytic
lens is an additional lens placed between the diaphragm and the objective at a
4. fixed
distance from the objective. This lens will be fitted in ordinary transit
theodolite. After fitting this additional lens the telescope is called as
external focusing analytic telescope. The purpose of fitting the analytic lens
is to reduce the additive constant to zero.
5. Define
Substance bar:
a. A
Substance bar is manufactured by Mr. Kern. The length of the substance bar is
2m (6ft)
6. for
measurement of comparatively short distance in a traverse. A Substance bar may
be used as a substance base. The length of the bar is made equal to the
distance between the two targets.
7. What are
the merits and demerits of movable hair method? Merits:
i. Long
sights can be taken with greater accuracy than stadia method The error obtained
is minimum
b. Demerits:
The computations are not quicker Careful observation is
essential
8. Fixed
hair method:
a. In this
method, the stadia wires are fixed (or) fitted at constant distance apart.
9. Staff
intercept:
a. The
difference of the reading corresponding to the top and bottom stadia wires.
10.
Stadia intercept:
a. The
difference of the distance between the top and bottom cross hairs. In this
method stadia interval is variable. The staff intercept is kept fixed
while the stadia
b. interval
is variable.
11.
The tangential method:
a. In this
method, the stadia hairs are not for taking readings. The readings being taken
against the horizontal cross hair.
12.
What are the systems of tacheometry
measurements?
a. The
stadia system The tangential system
b. Measurement
by means of special instrument.
13.
What are the types of stadia system?
a. Fixed
hair method, Movable hair method
14.
What is the principle of stadia method?
The method is based on the principle that the ratio of the
perpendicular to the base is constant to similar isosceles triangle.
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