Uses
of Lanthanides and actinides
Use
of lanthanides
1. A pyrophoric alloy which contains cerium, lanthanum and
Neodymium; iron; aluminium;
calcium, carbon and silicon is used in cigarette lighters, toys, flame throwing tanks and tracer bullets.
2. Ceria (CeO2) and thoria (ThO2) are used in gas lamp materials.
3.
Cerium salts are
used in dyeing cotton, lead storage batteries and as catalyst.
4.
Lanthanides are
used in metallothermic reactions due to their extraordinary reducing property. Lanthanido - thermic processes can
yield sufficiently pure Nb, Zr, Fe, Co,
Ni, Mn, Y, W, U, B and Si.
5. Alloys of Lanthanides are known as mish - metals .The
major constituents
6.
of mish-metals are
Ce(45-50%), La(25%), Nd(5%) and small quantities of other lanthanide metals and Fe and Ca impurities. Mish-metals are
used for the production of brands of steel like heat
resistant, stainless and instrumental
steels. Mg- alloys containing 30% mishmetal and 1% Zr are useful in making parts of jet engines.
Uses of Actinides
1. U-235 is fissionable, it is used as fuel in
nuclear power plants and as a component
in nuclear weapons.
2.
Plutonium
- 238 is used as a power source in long mission space probes.
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