Uses of Buffers
·
Buffer solutions are necessary to maintain the pH range of biological
fluids. A buffer of carbonic acid (H2CO3–) and
bicarbonate (HCO3–) is present in blood plasma, to
maintain a pH between 7.35 and 7.45.
·
Enzymes are functional only under narrow pH range.
·
In Industries, buffer solutions are used in fermentation processes and
in setting the correct conditions for dyes used in coloring fabrics.
·
They are also used for the calibration of pH meters.
·
Buffers are mainly used in clinical and research laboratories. Example.,
phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4.
A pH
meter is used to measure the pH of a solution. It consists of a voltmeter
attached to a pH-responsive electrode and a reference electrode. The difference
in electrical potential produced by hydrogen ions between pH electrode and a
reference electrode is measured. A pH meter is utilized in different
laboratories and industries to measure pH.
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