Types Of Yarns - Textured and Novelty Yarns

TYPES OF YARNS:

1. Textured Yarns:

'Textured' is a general term for any continuous filament yarn whose smooth straight fibers have been displaced from their closely packed, parallel position by the introduction of some form of crimp, curl, loop or coil.

Textured yarns can be made from either filament fibers or staple fibers cut from filaments that have been given a textured configuration of some type. The majority of textured yarns are made from filament fibers. Texturizing occurs following the spinning of the fiber material through the spinneret. It may be done immediately following fiber formation and be a part of a continuous operation or it may be done some time after the filaments have been made. There are three types of textured yarns. 1. Bulk textured yarns 2. Stretch textured yarns 3. 'Set-modified stretch textured yarns.

2. Novelty Yarns:

Novelty yarns are made primarily for their appearance. They differ from simple yarns that their structure is characterized by irregularities. ASTM defines a fancy yarn as a yarn that differs significantly from the normal appearance of single or plied yarns due to the presence of irregularities deliberately produced during its formation.

In single yarn the irregularities may be due to the inclusion of knots, loops, curls, slubs and the like. In plied yarns the irregularities may be due to a variable delivery of one or more of its components or to twisting together dissimilar single yarns.

The term fancy, complex and novelty are considered synonymous. As noted from the definition most fancy yarns are either single or plied. There can be endless variety of novelty yarns. A typical novelty yarn has three basic parts: 1.The ground or foundation or core. 2. The fancy or effect 3. The binder.

Facts about novelty yarns:

                Novelty yarns are usually ply yarns, but they are not used to add strength to the fabric.

                If novelty yarns are used in one direction only, they are usually in the filling direction. They 'go further' and are subject to less strain and are easy to vary for design purpose.

                Novelty yarns add interest to plain weave fabrics at lower cost. Novelty yarn effects are permanent.

                Novelty yarns that are loose and bulky give crease resistance to a fabric but they make the fabric spongy and hard to sew.

                The durability of novelty yarn fabrics is dependent on the size of the novelty effect, how well the novelty effect is held in the yarn and on the firmness of the weave on the fabric. Generally speaking, the smaller the novelty effect, the more durable the fabric is, since the yarns are less affected by abrasion and do not tend to catch and pull out so readily.

Different types of Novelty Yarns:

Slub yarns 

2. Flock yarns 

3. Spiral yarns 

4. Ratine yarn 

5. Boucle yarn 

6. Nub/spot/ knot or knob yarns 

7. Seed or splash yarn 

8. Chenille yarn 

9. Metallic yarns