The mughal empire : Paintings and Music
The contribution of Mughals to the art of
painting was remarkable. The foundation for the Mughal painting was laid by
Humayun when he was staying in Persia. He brought with him two painters - Mir
Sayyid Ali and Abdal Samad to India. These two painters became famous during
Akbar's reign. Akbar commissioned the illustrations of several literary and
religious texts. He invited a large number of painters from different parts of
the country to his court. Both Hindus and Muslims joined in this work. Baswan, Miskina and Daswant attained great positions as
Akabar's court artists.
Illustrations
of Persian versions of Mahabharata and Ramayana were produced in miniature
form. Many other Indian fables became the miniature paintings in the Art Studio
established by Akbar. Historical works such as Akbar Nama also remained the
main themes of Mughal paintings. The most important work is Hamznama, which
consisted 1200 paintings. Indian colours such as peacock blue, Indian red began
to be used.
Mughal
paintings reached its climax during the reign of Jahangir. He employed a number
of painters like Abul Hasan, Bishan Das, Madhu, Anant, Manohar, Govardhan and
Ustad Mansur. Apart from painting the scenes of hunting, battles and royal
courts, progress was made in portrait painting and paintings of animals. Many
albums containing paintings and calligraphy were produced during the Mughal period.
Later, the influence of European painting could be seen.
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