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Chapter: 11th 12th std standard Class Nursing Health Care Hospital Hygiene Higher secondary school College Notes

The functions and Types of the hospital

Hospitals may be owned by private agencies, individual or government. There are general hospitals where all kinds of services are given such as medical, surgical, paediatrics, obstetrics and other kinds of special service.

HOSPITAL AND ITS ENVIRONMENT

 

Hospitals are institutions, which are mainly designed to care for the sick, injured and the well. The later are usually admitted for physical check up and investigations which cannot be done elsewhere.

 

In our country most of the government hospitals offer free treatment for people with poor, socio-economic condition, which helps in the alleviations of untold misery.

 

The word hospital is derived from the word "hopes" which means a guest. This is quite true for a patient leaves his home and comes to the hospital as a guest for brief periods of stay. Even more than a guest he is worried and sick as such he needs more care and attention than a guest would receive.

 

In the hospital the variety of people of all ages, caste and creed with varying degrees of illness are treated. Besides the patients there are the workers like doctors, nurses, technicians, fourth class servants and other members of the health team.

 

It is important that the nurse understands the peculiar nature of the patient's stay in the hospital and make the physical, mental and social environment conducive to recovery.

 

Types of hospitals

 

Hospitals may be owned by private agencies, individual or government. There are general hospitals where all kinds of services are given such as medical, surgical, paediatrics, obstetrics and other kinds of special service.

 

Some hospitals give only one particular type of service according to sex, age and nature of illness, for example, they may be women's, children's and mental hospitals (Psychiatric Hospital).

The functions of the hospital

 

The main aim of a hospital is patient care and comfort and the nurse has much to contribute in not only doing her functions, but also in co-ordinating the activities of the health team.

 

Besides the basic functions of a hospital such as care of the sick and injured, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitative services, many undertake education of doctors, nurses, technicians etc., as an added function. Some hospitals do research work.

 

There are various departments in a hospital like medical, nursing, pharmacy, and dietary. Every hospital and its departments have own policies and rules, which govern their various activities.

 

The nurse should acquaint herself with the policies and interpret those connected with the patient's admission, treatment and discharge to the patient's relatives in a simple language.

 

They must be careful and get the guidance of seniors when dealing with accident patients and other patients with legal implications (medico-legal).

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11th 12th std standard Class Nursing Health Care Hospital Hygiene Higher secondary school College Notes : The functions and Types of the hospital |


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