Home | | Surveying | Surveying: The value of curvature and refraction corrections

Chapter: Civil Surveying : Levelling and Applications

Surveying: The value of curvature and refraction corrections

In many projects, terrain information transverse to the longitudinal section (through profile leveling) is also required such as for highways, railways, canals etc.


Cross sectioning done using a leveling instrument



Cross Sectioning

 

In many projects, terrain information transverse to the longitudinal section (through profile leveling) is also required such as for highways, railways, canals etc. In those cases, surveying is carried out at right angle to the central line, generally, at regular interval is being carried out and is termed as cross- sectioning. If, for any reason, a cross-section is run in any other direction, the angle with the centre line is required to be noted. The observations are then recorded as being to the left or right of the centre line. The notes of the readings are maintained as shown in for taking a cross-section along the stake point 4. Reduction of levels, Plotting etc. can be done as in case of profile leveling.



Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail
Civil Surveying : Levelling and Applications : Surveying: The value of curvature and refraction corrections |


Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions, DMCA Policy and Compliant

Copyright © 2018-2024 BrainKart.com; All Rights Reserved. Developed by Therithal info, Chennai.