STATEMENT OF POWER FLOW PROBLEM
Each bus in a power system is associated with four quantities and they are real power (P), reactive power (Q), magnitude of voltage (V), and phase angle of voltage (δ).
(i). Representation of the system by a single line diagram
(ii). Determining the impedance diagram using the information in single line diagram (iii). Formulation of network equation
(iv). Solution of network equations
The load flow equations are non linear algebraic equations and so explicit solution as not possible. The solution of non linear equations can be obtained only by iterative numerical techniques.
The Gauss seidal method, Newton Raphson method and Fast decouple methods.
In iterative method of load flow solution, the initial voltages of all buses except slack bus assumed as 1+j0 p.u. This is referred to as flat voltage start
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