Preservation of food is a major
step in assuring adequate food supply for a nation. Foods that are obtained
from plant and animal sources should be preserved well. This will ensure
continuous supply throughout the year with no shortage of food. Food
preservation is the process of prevention of decay or spoilage of food and
helps it to be stored in a fit condition for future use.
Significance
and Principles of Food Preservation
Food preservation is a
significant procedure in keeping food safe. It ensures the following:
a.
Increases
the shelf life of food
b.
Ensures
food supply during scarcity and drought
c.
Adds
variety in the diet
d.
Saves
time and energy
e.
Minimizes
food wastage
f.
Stabilizes
the price of food and
g.
Increases
the availability of seasonal foods throughout the year.
a.
By
keeping away undesirable micro organisms. (Eg: asepsis)
b.
By
removal of microorganisms. (Eg: filtration)
c.
By hindering the growth and activi-ty of
microorganisms. Eg:
refrigera-tion, drying, dehydration, addition of chemical preservatives.
d.
By
killing the microorganisms. Eg: by heat or radiation
a.
By
destruction or inactivation of enzymes Eg: by blanching.
b.
By
prevention or delaying the chemical reactions. Eg: prevention of oxidation
using lime juice/citric acid.
The details of basic principles
and meth-ods of food preservation are given below:
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