SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS DESIGN
We saw in the combinational
circuits section how to design a combinational circuit from the given problem.
We convert the problem into a truth table, then draw K-map for the truth table,
and then finally draw the gate level circuit for the problem. Similarly we have
a flow for the sequential circuit design. The steps are given below.
·
Draw state diagram.
·
Draw the state table (excitation table) for each
output.
·
Draw the K-map for each output.
·
Draw the circuit.
·
State Diagram -The
state diagram is constructed using all the states of the sequential circuit in
question. It builds up the relationship between various states and also
shows how inputs affect
the states.
Let’s consider the designing 2 bit up counter (Binary counter is one which counts a binary sequence) using the T flip-flop.
·
State Table - The
state table is the same as the excitation table of a flip-flop, i.e. what
inputs need to be applied to get the required output. In other words
this table gives the inputs required to produce the specific outputs.
K-map -The K-map is the same as the
combinational circuits K-map. Only difference: we draw K-map for the
inputs i.e. T1 and T0 in the above table. From the table we deduct that we
don't need to draw K-map for T0, as it is high for all the state combinations.
But for T1 we need to draw the K-map as shown below, using SOP.
·
Circuit- There is nothing special
in drawing the circuit, it is the same as any circuit drawing from K-map
output. Below is the circuit of 2-bit up counter using the T flip-flop.
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