PHARYNX
As described in
the preceding, the oropharynx and laryngopharynx are food passageways
connecting the oral cavity to the esophagus. No digestion takes place in the
pharynx. Its only related function is swal-lowing, the mechanical movement of
food. When the bolus of food is pushed backward by the tongue, the constrictor
muscles of the pharynx contract as part of the swallowing reflex. The reflex
center for swallow-ing is in the medulla, which coordinates the many actions
that take place: constriction of the pharynx, cessation of breathing, elevation
of the soft palate to block the nasopharynx, elevation of the larynx and clo
sure of the epiglottis, and peristalsis of the esophagus. As you can see,
swallowing is rather complicated, but because it is a reflex we don’t have to
think about mak-ing it happen correctly. Talking or laughing while eat-ing,
however, may interfere with the reflex and cause food to go into the “wrong
pipe,” the larynx. When that happens, the cough reflex is usually effective in
clearing the airway.
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