Management of Patients With Musculoskeletal Trauma
Injury to one part of
the musculoskeletal system usually results in injury or dysfunction of adjacent
structures and of structures enclosed or supported by them. If the bone is
broken, the mus-cles cannot function, and blood vessels and nerves in the
vicinity of the fracture may be injured. If the nerves do not send impulses to
the muscles, as in paralysis, the bones cannot move. If the joint surfaces do
not articulate normally, neither the bones nor the muscles can function
properly.
Treatment of injury of
the musculoskeletal system involves providing support to the injured part until
healing is complete. Support may be provided by externally applied bandages,
ad-hesive strapping, splints, or casts. Alternatively, support may be applied
directly to the bone in the form of pins or plates. At times, traction must be
applied to correct deformity or shortening.
After the immediate and the painful effects of the injury
have passed, treatment efforts are focused on preventing fibrosis and stiffness
in the injured muscles and joint structures. Proper ex-ercise guards against
this disability. In some cases, the support applied permits early activity.
Various forms of physical and occupational therapy may hasten the healing
process and recovery of function.
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