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Chapter: Object Oriented Analysis and Design

Introduction to Object Orientation

Object Orientation is a term used to describe the object – oriented(OO) method of building software. In an OO approach, the data is treated as the most important element and it cannot flow freely around the system.

INTRODUCTION TO OBJECT ORIENTATION

 

Object Orientation is a term used to describe the object – oriented(OO) method of building software. In an OO approach, the data is treated as the most important element and it cannot flow freely around the system.

 

Restrictions are placed on the number of units that can manipulate the data. This approach binds the data and the methods that will manipulate the data closely and prevents the data from being inadvertently modified. The following figure shows the method1, method2, method3, and method4.


The ‘object’ forms the basis around which the following properties revolve:

 

1.       Encapsulation

 

2.       Abstraction, Implementation Hiding

 

3.       Inheritance, dynamic binding, polymorphism

 

4.       Overriding and overloading

 

Encapsulation:

 

          In Object Orientation, a class is used as a unit to group related attributes and operations together. The outside world can interact with the data stored in the variables that represent the attributes of the class only through the operations of that class. Thus, the operations act as interfaces of the object of the class with the outside world.

For example, consider the class Employee with attributes empID, empName and dateOfJoining with is given below


 


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