Important Question And
Answer: Planning For Sewarage Systems
1.What
are the types of treatment processes?
·
Preliminary treatment
·
Primary treatment
·
Complete final treatment
·
Secondary treatment
2. What
are the various sources of wastewater generation?
·
Industrial Wastes
·
Domestic wastes
·
Agricultural Wastes
3. List
out the types of anaerobic biological units?
·
Anaerobic lagoons
·
Septic tank
·
Inhoff tank
4. What
is means by screening?
Screening is the very
first operation carried out at a sewage treatment plant and consists of passing
the sewage through different types of screens so as to trap and remove the
floating matter such as process of cloth, paper, wood, cork, hair, fiber etc.
5.
What is the purpose of providing screen?
The main idea of
providing screens is to protect the pumps and other equipments from the
possible damages due to the floating matter of the sewage.It should be used for
removing the floating matters.
6.
What are the types of screen?
Classification based on size of the opening
·
Coarse screens
·
Medium screens
·
Fine screens
7. Define
bar screen?
Rectangular shaped
coarse and medium screens are made of steel bars fixed parallel to one another
at desired spacing on a rectangular frame and are called bar screen.
8.
Define Communicators?
Comminutes or shredders
are the patented devices, which break the larger sewage solids to about 6 mm in
size. When the sewage is screened through them such devices are used only in
developed countries like USA.
9.
What is meant by Screening?
The material separated
by screens is called the screenings. It contains 85 to 90% of mixture and other
floating matter. It may also contain some organic load which may putrefy,
lacing bad smells and nuisance.
10.
What are the methods adopted for
disposal of screenings?
·
Burning
·
Burial
·
Dumping
11.
Define Grit Chamber?
Grit chambers, also
called or grit channels or grit basins, are intended to remove the inorganic
particles (specific graving about 2.65) such as sand, graver, grit, egg, shells,
bones etc of size 2 mm or larger to prevent damager to the pumps and to prevent
their accumulation in sludge digesters.
12.
Define unit process?
Methods of treatment in
which the application of physical forces predominate are known as unit operations
while methods of treatment in which chemical or biological activities are
involved are known as unit process.
13. What are the types of unit operations &
processes?
·Physical unit operations
·Chemical unit process
·Biological unit process
14.Give
any two advantages of unit operations/ process?
·
It gives better understanding of the
process as inherent in the treatment and of the capabilities of these processes
in attaining the objectives.
·
It helps in the development of
mathematical and physical models of treatment mechanisms and the consequent
design of treatment plants.
15.Define
phase transfer?
Most waste water
treatment process bring about changes on concentration of a specific substances
by moving the substance either into or unit of the waste water it self. This is
called phase transfer
16.
Define definition time?
The definition time (t)
of a settling tank may be defined as the average theoretical time required for
the sewage to flow through the tank. Otherwise known as definition period or
retention period
17.
Define the term Displacement efficiency?
The ratio of
ughthe period''Flowing
tothrothe 'detention
displacement
efficiency.
18.
What is meant by principle of sedimentation?
The turbulence is
retarded by offering storage to sewage these impurities tend to settle down at
the bottom of the tank offering such storage. This is the principle of
sedimentation.
19. Define
the term 'Sedimentation Burin'?
The burin
in which the flow
of sewage is
retarded is called
the settling tank or the
sedimentation
Tank or the sedimentation Burin.
20. Define
the term 'Detention
Period'?
The
theoretical average time for which the water is detained is called the
detention period.
21. Give any two advantage of chemical coagulation
process in sewage treatment?
Sedimentation aided
with coagulation produces better efficient with lesser BOD and suspended
solids, as compared to plain sedimentation. Coagulated settling tank requires
less space than that required by an ordinary plain settling tank.
22.What
are the Demerits of coagulation in sewage treatment?
·
Cost of chemicals is added to the cost of sedimentation, with out much use, and
thereby making the treatment costlier.
·
The process of coagulation requires
skilled supervision and handling of chemicals.
23.
What are the types of sedimentation
tank?
Based on flow
·
Vertical flow tank
·
Horizontal flow tank
·
Radial flow tank
According
to use
·
Primary
·
Secondary
24.What
are the chemical used for precipitation of sediment?
· Alum
· Ferrous sulphate
· Ferric sulphate
· Ferric chlorides
· Sodium alluminate
· Sulphuric acid
· lime
· copperas
25.What
are the factors that affect the precipitations?
·
Kind of chemical
·
Quality of chemical
·
character and concentration of sewage
·
Ph values of sewage
·
time of mixing and flowlations
·
Temperature
·
Violence of agitation
26.What
are the merits of chemical precipitation?
·
More rapid and through clarification
·
Removal of higher percentage of
suspended solids.
·
Simplicity of operation
·
Small size tank is enough
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