Immunodeficiency
Immunology
·
Natural immunity:
o Integrity of skin & mucosal surfaces
o Clearance of surfaces (eg cilia)
o Antiseptic chemicals (eg lysozymes in tears)
·
Specific immunity:
o Has memory and specificity
o Turns on, then off
o Humoral (antibodies): generally extracellular bacteria. First exposure,
mainly IgM. Subsequent exposures, more antibody, and mainly IgG
o CMI/T-cells: intracellular
·
The categories of things that go
wrong:
o Immune deficiency: can‟t fight an external agent
o Auto-immune: inappropriate reaction against an internal antigen
o Allergy: inappropriate reaction against an external antigen
·
Causes of immune deficiency:
o Autoimmune Disease
o Vitamin/mineral deficiency: B12/Zinc
o Genetic patterns: autosomal recessive
o Metabolic deficiency e.g. Adenosine deaminase deficiency
o Arrest in embryogenesis
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