Components of DBMS
A database management
system (DBMS) consists of several components. Each component plays very
important role in the database management system environment. The major
components of database management system are:
Software
The main component of a
DBMS is the software. It is the set of programs used to handle the database and
to control and manage the overall computerized database
1.
DBMS software itself, is the most
important software component in the overall system
2.
Operating system including network
software being used in network, to share the data of database among multiple
users.
3.
Application programs developed in
programming languages such as C++, Visual Basic that are used to to access
database in database management system. Each program contains statements that
request the DBMS to perform operation on database. The operations may include
retrieving, updating, deleting data etc . The application program may be
conventional or online workstations or terminals.
Hardware
Hardware consists of a
set of physical electronic devices such as computers (together with associated
I/O devices like disk drives), storage devices, I/O channels, electromechanical
devices that make interface between computers and the real world systems etc,
and so on. It is impossible to implement the DBMS without the hardware devices,
In a network, a powerful computer with high data processing speed and a storage
device with large storage capacity is required as database server.
Data
Data is the most
important component of the DBMS. The main purpose of DBMS is to process the
data. In DBMS, databases are defined, constructed and then data is stored,
updated and retrieved to and from the databases. The database contains both the
actual (or operational) data and the metadata (data about data or description
about data).
Procedures
Procedures refer to the
instructions and rules that help to design the database and to use the DBMS.
The users that operate and manage the DBMS require documented procedures on hot
use or run the database management system. These may include.
1.
Procedure to install the new DBMS.
2.
To log on to the DBMS.
3.
To use the DBMS or application program.
4.
To make backup copies of database.
5.
To change the structure of database.
6.
To generate the reports of data
retrieved from database.
Database Access Language
The database access
language is used to access the data to and from the database. The users use the
database access language to enter new data, change the existing data in
database and to retrieve required data from databases. The user write a set of
appropriate commands in a database access language and submits these to the
DBMS. The DBMS translates the user commands and sends it to a specific part of
the DBMS called the Database Jet Engine. The database engine generates a set of
results according to the commands submitted by user, converts these into a user
readable form called an Inquiry Report and then displays them on the screen.
The administrators may also use the database access language to create and
maintain the databases.
The most popular
database access language is SQL (Structured Query Language). Relational
databases are required to have a database query language.
Users
The users are the
people who manage the databases and perform different operations on the
databases in the database system.There are three kinds of people who play
different roles in database system
1.
Application Programmers
2.
Database Administrators
3.
End-Users
Application Programmers
The people who write
application programs in programming languages (such as Visual Basic, Java, or
C++) to interact with databases are called Application Programmer.
Database Administrators
A person who is
responsible for managing the overall database management system is called
database administrator or simply DBA.
End-Users
The end-users are the
people who interact with database management system to perform different
operations on database such as retrieving, updating, inserting, deleting data
etc.
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