Characteristics
of organic compounds
Organic compounds have the following general characteristics.
i)
Organic compounds are generally covalent and
hence they do not dissolve in water (polar solvents) but dissolve in organic
solvents (non-polar solvents) such as ether, alcohol, benzene etc.
ii)
Due to maximum catenation and tetravalency of
carbon, they have tendency to form long open and closed chain compounds.
iii)
They are volatile, inflammable and possess low
boiling points and melting points.
iv)
Some organic compounds exhibit the phenomenon of
polymerisation. For example, ethylene polymerises to poly ethylene.
v)
They exhibit isomerism.
vi)
They contribute homologous series.
vii)
They are non-conductors of electricity.
Need for purification
of organic compounds
The
organic compounds obtained from natural sources are not pure. They contain a
number of other compounds which occur with them. Similarly, the organic
compounds prepared in the laboratory are also not pure. They are found to
contain other products formed during the reaction. In order to investigate the
structure and properties of an organic compound, it should be in the purest
form. Hence purification of organic compounds become essential.
Various methods used for purification and
separation of organic compounds are:
i)
Crystallisation
ii) Fractional Crystallisation
iv) Distillation
vi)
Chromatography
Related Topics
Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions, DMCA Policy and Compliant
Copyright © 2018-2024 BrainKart.com; All Rights Reserved. Developed by Therithal info, Chennai.