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Chapter: 11th Botany : Chapter 5 : Taxonomy and Systematic Botany

Botanical description of Allium cepa

Botanical description of Allium cepa
(In APG classification, Allium cepa is placed under the family Amaryllidaceae)

Botanical description of Allium cepa

 

(In APG classification, Allium cepa is placed under the family Amaryllidaceae)

 

Habit: Perennial herb with bulb.

 

Root: Fibrous adventitious root system

 

Stem: Underground bulb

 

Leaf: a cluster of radical leaves emerges from the underground bulb, cylindrical and fleshy having sheathy leaf bases with parallel venation.

 

Inflorescence: Scapigerous i.e. the inflorescence axis (peduncle) arising from the ground bearing a cluster of flowers at its apex. Pedicels are of equal length, arising from the apex of the peduncle which brings all flowers at the same level.

 

Flower: Small, white, bracteate, ebrcteolate, pedicellate, complete, trimerous, actinomorphic and hypogynous. Flowers are protandrous.

 

Perianth: Tepals 6, white,arranged in two whorls of three each, syntepalous showing valvate aestivation.

 

Androecium: Stamens 6, arranged in two whorls of three each, epitepalous, apostamenous /free and opposite to tepals. Anthers dithecous, basifixed, introse, and dehiscing longitudinally.

 

Gynoecium: Tricarpellary and syncarpous. Ovary superior, trilocular with two ovules in each locule on axile placentation. Style simple, slender with simple stigma.

 

Fruit: A loculicidal capsule.

 

Seed: Endospermous

 

Floral Formula:



 

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11th Botany : Chapter 5 : Taxonomy and Systematic Botany


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