Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery
Orthopedic surgery challenges the anesthesia pro-vider. The
comorbidities of these patients vary widely based on age group. Patients may
present as neonates with congenital limb deformities, as teenagers with
sports-related injuries, as adults for procedures ranging from excision of
minor soft-tissue mass to joint replacement, or at any age with bone cancer. For
example, patients with long bone fractures are predisposed to fat embolism
syndrome. Patients are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism following
pelvic, hip, and knee operations. Use of bone cement dur-ing arthroplasties can
cause hemodynamic instabil-ity. Limb tourniquets limit blood loss but introduce
additional risks.
Neuraxial and other regional anesthetic
tech-niques play an important role in decreasing the incidence of perioperative
thromboembolic com-plications, providing postoperative analgesia, and
facilitating early rehabilitation and hospital discharge. Advances in surgical
techniques, such as minimally invasive approaches to knee and hip replacement,
are necessitating modifications in anesthetic and periop-erative management to
facilitate overnight or even same-day discharge of patients who formerly
required days of hospitalization.
Related Topics
Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions, DMCA Policy and Compliant
Copyright © 2018-2024 BrainKart.com; All Rights Reserved. Developed by Therithal info, Chennai.